
There are thousands of rice varieties globally. They vary in biological characteristics, maturation periods, and grain shapes. The main types grown in Turkmenistan include:
Grains are long and slender. This type is preferred due to its high cooking quality and fluffiness.
These grains are medium in length and rounder. They tend to be stickier after cooking.
These are short and wide grains. Often used in humid climates, they become sticky when cooked.
Türkmen şalysy – 1
Türkmen şalysy – 2
Altyn däne
Miras
These varieties are well adapted to local conditions and known for their high yield and quality.
Rice is cultivated using two main methods:
Seeds are sown directly into the field. The land must be prepared and leveled, and irrigation ensured. This method is less labor-intensive but more dependent on weather.
Seeds are first grown into seedlings in nurseries and then transplanted to the field. This method ensures better yield and pest control, though it requires more labor.
Proper planting timing is essential for high-yield rice cultivation. In Turkmenistan:
Seedling cultivation starts in mid-March. Transplanting occurs from mid-April to early May.
Direct seeding is carried out from late April to early May.
Soil preparation and leveling,
Ensuring irrigation infrastructure,
Applying fertilizers,
Pest management.
Rice cultivation is a labor-intensive agricultural practice that requires attention to detail. The correct choice of variety, planting method, and timely execution of all agronomic tasks are key to high yields. In Turkmenistan, rice farming continues to progress with the introduction of improved local varieties and modern technologies.
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