World Cities Day is observed every year on 31 October. The occasion highlights the importance of urbanisation, the development of cities and efforts to improve people's living conditions.

According to the United Nations report World Urbanization Prospects, of the world's population of more than 8.2 billion, 45 per cent live in cities, while 36 per cent reside in towns and suburban areas. The rural population accounts for 19 per cent. The world is reported to have approximately 48,000 cities in total.

Historical records show that in the 1800s, more than 90 per cent of the world's population lived in rural areas. With the onset of industrialisation in the 19th century, migration to cities increased as people sought employment and better living opportunities. Since then, urbanisation has become one of the major processes shaping global development.

According to the available data, Brazil leads in the number of cities, with 346. In terms of population, Tokyo (37 million), Delhi (28 million), Mexico City (21 million) and Cairo (20 million) are among the world's largest cities. New York, the most populous city in the United States, has a population of 8.6 million.

Experts predict that by 2050, the number of people living in cities could double compared with current figures. This prospect further underlines the importance of ensuring sustainable urban development, improving living conditions and expanding modern infrastructure.