Germany Begins Clinical Trials of the First Therapeutic Vaccine for Chronic Hepatitis B — TherVacB
The Technical University of Munich (TUM) has announced the launch of the first clinical trials of a new-generation vaccine — TherVacB, developed not for prevention but for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. The first patient received the injection in June 2025.
Why is this important?
Chronic hepatitis B is one of the most dangerous viral liver diseases in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 254 million people worldwide are infected with the virus, and it causes more than 1.1 million deaths each year. The disease can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Current medications can suppress the virus but cannot completely eliminate it. Most patients must take drugs for life, as the virus reactivates if treatment is stopped. Until now, there has been no cure that can fully remove the hepatitis B virus from the body.
What is TherVacB?
TherVacB is a therapeutic vaccine, meaning it is designed to treat those already infected with the virus, not to prevent infection. Its goal is to stimulate the body’s own immune system to fight and clear the virus effectively. This makes it fundamentally different from preventive vaccines.
How does it work?
TherVacB uses a “prime-boost” strategy, which consists of two stages:
-
Priming phase — viral proteins are introduced into the body to "teach" the immune system to recognize the virus and begin producing antibodies.
-
Boosting phase — a modified viral vector is injected to enhance the T-cell response, which plays a key role in killing infected cells.
This method activates both arms of the immune system:
-
Humoral immunity, which involves the production of antibodies.
-
Cellular immunity, through T-cells that target and destroy infected liver cells.
This dual immune activation is essential for fighting chronic viral infections like hepatitis B.
Results and Future Prospects
Early trials on healthy volunteers showed that the vaccine was well tolerated and triggered the desired immune response. Scientists note that TherVacB is designed to target more than 95% of known hepatitis B strains, making it potentially suitable for global use.
If clinical trials are successful, TherVacB could become the first therapeutic vaccine that enables the body to naturally eliminate the virus, potentially freeing millions of patients from lifelong treatment and transforming the global strategy for hepatitis B care.
What’s next?
The first phase of clinical trials is currently underway. The next stages will involve larger groups of patients to further evaluate the vaccine's safety and effectiveness. The research is being carried out through an international consortium of leading universities and scientific institutions.
TherVacB represents a revolutionary breakthrough in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. It offers hope to millions of patients who are currently dependent on lifelong medication. Moreover, it could usher in a new era in the fight against viral liver diseases worldwide.
