How to Start a Small Business in Turkmenistan

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are considered a key pillar of national development in Turkmenistan. The country’s economic strategy emphasizes the development of the private sector and support for entrepreneurs. Increasingly, citizens are engaging in small business and independent work. This article provides a detailed guide on starting a small business in Turkmenistan: necessary documents, step-by-step process, and possible business sectors.

Jun 6, 2025 - 16:16 Updated: Jun 6, 2025 - 16:18
How to Start a Small Business in Turkmenistan

1. Preparation Phase 1.1 Develop a Business Idea   

The first step is to create a business idea that matches market demand. Possible sectors:

  • Tailoring and sewing services

  • Agriculture and vegetable production

  • Homemade food products (bread, cakes, snacks)

  • Digital services (design, websites, SMM)

  • Construction materials trade

  • Car services (washing, repair, consultancy)

1.2 Market Analysis

Entrepreneurs should:

  • Analyze demand and supply

  • Study competitors

  • Compare prices and prepare a strategy

1.3 Financial Planning

  • Estimate start-up capital

  • Plan for revenue and expenses

  • Develop a sustainable income strategy

2. Business Registration

To operate legally, register with relevant state agencies:

2.1 Choose Entrepreneurial Status Options:

  • Sole Proprietor (individual entrepreneur)

  • Private Enterprise

  • Closed Joint-Stock Company For small businesses, Sole Proprietor is the most practical.

2.2 Required Documents

  • Copy of passport

  • Application form

  • Activity type with code

  • Tax ID (TIN)

  • Proof of state fee payment

2.3 Registration Process

  • Apply at Ministry of Justice or Government Service Center

  • For Private Enterprises, prepare founding documents (Charter, Decision)

3. Required Permits and Certificates Depending on activity:

  • Sanitary permit for food products

  • Contracts for trade or construction

  • Farming agreements with cooperatives

4. Bank Account and Payment Systems

  • Open an account in your name

  • Accept payments via QR or online banking

5. Business Development Opportunities 5.1 State Support

  • Soft loans from State Development Bank, Industrial Bank

  • Participate in trade shows via Chamber of Commerce

  • Lease land from local governments

5.2 Training and Consulting

  • Short courses at service centers

  • Trainings from UN and NGOs (especially for women)

  • Online platforms (Canva, Notion, Excel)

6. Success Tips

  • Start small: test the market with a simple product or service

  • Build trust through quality

  • Promote via social media (Facebook, Instagram, Telegram)

  • Specialize in a niche

Starting a small business in Turkmenistan is feasible and supported by the state. With simple registration, favorable market, and available support, entrepreneurs can succeed. All it takes is a plan, patience, and innovation. Small business not only generates income but also creates jobs.

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